间作西瓜对甘蔗产量效益和根际土壤理化性质及微生态的影响-活动档案馆-战甲库云端活动平台

摘要：

分析甘蔗间作西瓜对甘蔗产量、总经济效益、根际土壤生态及理化性质的影响, 旨在探究甘蔗间作西瓜模式的生态效应, 为进一步推广及应用甘蔗间作西瓜模式提供理论依据和技术支撑。基于传统和现代高通量测序技术, 分析间作和单作甘蔗产量、总经济效益、根际土壤理化性质及根际土壤细菌群落结构变化。与甘蔗单作(CK)相比, 甘蔗间作西瓜(TM)具有提高甘蔗产量和总经济效益的效果; 对甘蔗根际土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量无显著影响; 同时, 甘蔗间作西瓜对甘蔗根际土壤细菌多样性和丰富度亦无显著影响。另一方面, 门分类水平, 甘蔗间作西瓜虽然增加了放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和其他(others)门类优势细菌的相对丰度占比, 但亦缺失了浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)等门类优势细菌的富集; 属分类水平, 热酸菌属(Acidothermus)、慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、norank_o__SC-I-84、Bryobacter、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、norank_f__ DA111、Candidatus_Solibacter、酸杆菌属(Acidibacter)和norank_f__Acidobacteriaceae__Subgroup_1_则是甘蔗单作(CK)模式下甘蔗根际土壤中特有的优势细菌属; 与之相比, 小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)、norank_f__Anaerolineaceae、unclassified_f__Micrococcaceae、norank_o__JG30-KF-CM45、norank_f__Elev-16S-1332、norank_c__Actinobacteria、卢得曼氏菌属(Luedemannella)、unclassified_f__Intrasporangiaceae、norank_f__Nitrosomonadaceae、unclassified_f__ Nocardioidaceae、norank_c__S085和Defluviicoccus则是甘蔗间作西瓜(TM)模式下, 甘蔗根际土壤中特有的优势细菌属。基因功能预测结果显示, 甘蔗间作西瓜并没有显著改变甘蔗植株根际土壤细菌的主体功能。与甘蔗单作相比, 甘蔗间作西瓜具有提高甘蔗产量和总经济效益的效果; 虽然没有显著改变甘蔗根际土壤理化性质, 同时亦没有显著提升甘蔗根际土壤细菌多样性、丰富度以及细菌主体功能, 仅改变了部分甘蔗根际土壤细菌的群落组成, 富集了诸如小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)等特有的优势细菌属。综上所述, 甘蔗间作西瓜有助于提高甘蔗产量和总经济效益, 虽不能显著提升甘蔗根际土壤肥力, 但亦没有造成甘蔗根际土壤细菌生态功能失衡或劣化, 只是改变了部分甘蔗根际土壤细菌群落组成, 但间套作西瓜富集的特有优势细菌属, 诸如小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)属细菌是具有增强甘蔗植株抗性功能的有益细菌属。

关键词:

间作,

甘蔗,

西瓜,

土壤细菌,

高通量测序

Abstract:

To provide theoretical basis for developing sugarcane intercropping cultivation system, cane yields, total economic benefit, soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in rhizospheres of sugarcane intercropping with watermelon were analyzed. Based on traditional and modern high-throughput sequencing techniques, cane yields, total economic benefit, soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure in rhizosphere of sugarcanes between monoculture (CK) and sugarcane intercropping with watermelons (TM) were analyzed. Compared with CK, the contents of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (TP) and potassium (TK), and the contents of available nitrogen (AN), phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK) were all not significantly altered in sugarcane intercropping with watermelons system. Meanwhile, soil bacterial diversity, richness and soil bacterial functions were also not significantly changed in sugarcane intercropping with watermelons system. In addition, although some soil dominant bacterial phyla, such as Actinobacteria and other could be enriched, but Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes also lost in rhizospheres of sugarcanes in TM treatments also lost. Meanwhile, Acidothermus, Bradyrhizobium, norank_o__SC-I-84, Bryobacter, Streptomyces, norank_f__DA111, Candidatus_Solibacter, Acidibacter and norank_f__Acidobacteriaceae__Subgroup_1_ were the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of sugarcanes in CK. By contrast, Micromonospora, norank_f__Anaerolineaceae, unclassified_f__Micrococcaceae, norank_o__JG30-KF-CM45, norank_f__Elev-16S-1332, norank_c__Actinobacteria, Luedemannella, unclassified_f__Intrasporangiaceae, norank_f__ Nitrosomonadaceae, unclassified_f__Nocardioidaceae, norank_c__S085 and Defluviicoccus were the specific soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres sugarcanes in TM treatment. Moreover, there were no significantly different in the functions of soil bacteria in rhizospheres of sugarcanes between TM and CK treatments, suggesting that soil bacterial functions in rhizospheres of sugarcanes did not significantly alter by intercropping with watermelons. In comparison with sugarcane monoculture, cane yields and total economic benefit all could be improved. In addition, soil physicochemical properties and soil bacterial diversity, richness and functions in rhizospheres of sugarcanes could not be significantly improved by intercropping with watermelons. However, the compositions of soil bacterial communities were altered, such as Micromonospora, enriched as the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of sugarcanes intercropping with watermelons. All the above results showed that not only cane yields and total economic benefit could be improved but also soil physicochemical properties were not decreased. Furthermore, soil bacterial functions also were not significantly deteriorated, just the compositions of soil bacterial communities were partly altered by intercropping with watermelons. The stress resistance properties of sugarcanes could be improved by intercropping with watermelons for some benefit bacteria, such as Micromonospora enriched in rhizospheres of sugarcanes under sugarcane/watermelon intercropping systems.

Key words:

intercropping,

sugarcane,

watermelon,

soil bacteria,

high-throughput sequencing

引用本文

肖健, 韦星璇, 杨尚东, 卢文, 谭宏伟. 间作西瓜对甘蔗产量效益和根际土壤理化性质及微生态的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(2): 526-538.

XIAO Jian, WEI Xing-Xuan, YANG Shang-Dong, LU Wen, TAN Hong-Wei. Effects of intercropping with watermelons on cane yields, soil physicochemical properties and micro-ecology in rhizospheres of sugarcanes[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(2): 526-538.

使用本文